THE LEGAL IMPLICATIONS OF CASUALIZATION ON TRADE UNIONISM IN NIGERIA’S OIL AND GAS SECTOR

Abstract

Casualization, a prevalent employment practice in Nigeria’s oil and gas sector, has profound implications for trade unionism. This article critically examines the legal framework governing casual employment and its impact on trade union rights, collective bargaining, and industrial relations in the sector. While the Nigerian Labour Act provides some protection for workers, gaps in enforcement and regulatory oversight have allowed employers to sidestep statutory obligations, undermining union activities. The study adopts a doctrinal research methodology, analyzing statutory provisions, judicial decisions, and international labour standards to assess the extent to which casualization erodes workers' rights and limits trade union effectiveness. The findings reveal that the precarious nature of casual employment weakens workers’ bargaining power, fosters job insecurity, and impedes unionization efforts. Comparative insights from jurisdictions with stronger labour protections suggest that legal reforms are necessary to balance industrial flexibility with workers’ rights. The article recommends legislative amendments, enhanced regulatory mechanisms, and proactive union strategies to address these challenges. Ultimately, achieving a sustainable and equitable labour framework in Nigeria’s oil and gas sector requires a legal structure that ensures fair employment practices while safeguarding trade union rights.