PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AS A STRATEGY FOR ENHANCING COGNITIVE FUNCTION AND EFFICIENCY AMONG TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS LECTURERS IN BENUE STATE

Abstract

The significance of physical activity in improving cognitive function and work efficiency has been widely acknowledged in academic and professional settings. This paper investigates the role of regular physical activity in enhancing cognitive abilities, reducing stress, and improving productivity among lecturers in selected tertiary institutions in Benue State, including the Nigerian Army College of Environmental Studies and Technology (NACEST), Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University (JOSTUM), Rev. Fr. Moses Orshio Adasu (MOAU), College of Education (COE), Katsina/Ala, and Benue State Polytechnic (BENPOLY), Ugbokolo. The study employed a descriptive survey research design and utilised a stratified random sampling technique to select 300 full-time lecturers, ensuring proportional representation across institutions and academic ranks. Data were collected using the Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ) to measure the frequency, intensity, and type of physical activity, and the Cognitive Function Assessment Scale (CFAS) to evaluate memory, attention, executive function, and stress resilience. Descriptive statistics summarised demographic and activity data, while Pearson correlation, multiple regression, and ANOVA examined relationships and institutional differences. Findings revealed a strong positive correlation (r = 0.61, p < 0.001) between physical activity and overall cognitive function, with aerobic exercise emerging as the strongest predictor of cognitive performance. Lecturers engaging in regular physical activity demonstrated enhanced memory retention, sustained attention, differences were observed, with NACEST and BSU reporting the highest activity and cognitive function scores, highlighting the importance of institutional support for wellness programmes. The study provides evidence-based benefits of physical activity in promoting neuroplasticity, cognitive reserve, executive control, and stress reduction, reinforcing theoretical frameworks linking exercise to brain health. The results emphasise the need for tertiary institutions to implement policies, structured fitness programmes, and accessible wellness facilities to foster cognitive efficiency, professional productivity, and overall well-being among lecturers.