INTEGRATED THEORETICAL EXPLORATION OF SOCIOCULTURAL DETERMINANTS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE AMONG YOUTHS IN AFIKPO, EBONYI STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract

Substance abuse among youth remains a chronic social challenge in Nigeria, with Afikpo exhibiting rising patterns of alcohol, cannabis, and prescription drug misuse.  This work conceptually investigates the socio-cultural variables driving such behaviors, incorporating insights from social learning theory, strain theory, and ecological systems theory.  Drawing from these frameworks, it is claimed that familial structures, peer influence, cultural norms, and community-level stresses significantly determine youth vulnerability to substance misuse.  The synthesis of existing evidence reveals that socialization processes, normative pressures, and the interplay between individual psychological predispositions and environmental stresses augment the likelihood of engagement in substance addiction.  Consequently, the research suggests that effective interventions must target many levels of impact, stressing family-centered education, community participation, and culturally sensitive preventative programs.  Policy implications underline the need for local government partnership with community leaders and youth organizations to build structured recreational and mentorship initiatives, alongside evidence-based awareness campaigns.  The findings underline the urgency of holistic methods that examine both the micro- and macro-level drivers of substance addiction, establishing a paradigm for scholars, policymakers, and practitioners seeking sustainable solutions in Afikpo and comparable Nigerian communities.