NIGERIA’S SECESSIONIST HISTORY: POLITICAL TENSIONS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON REGIONAL PROGRESS

Abstract

Secessionist movements have significantly influenced the political and socio-economic dynamics of West Africa, often rooted in historical injustices, ethnic exclusion, and the enduring impact of colonial boundaries. This study investigates the political history and evolution of major secessionist forces in the region. The central problem addressed is the persistent threat these movements pose to national unity, regional integration, and development. The objective is to uncover the underlying causes, examine the patterns of secessionist agitation, and assess their broader implications for governance and stability in West Africa. Employing a qualitative research methodology, the study draws on secondary data, guided by the theoretical lenses of Post-Colonial Theory and Conflict Theory. These frameworks help contextualize the socio-political and economic motivations behind secessionist claims and highlight the tensions between state authority and identity politics. The study is significant as it contributes to the growing discourse on peace building and national cohesion in Africa, offering a comparative understanding of how states have responded to internal threats. Findings reveal that secessionist movements are often symptoms of deeper systemic failures such as marginalization, poor governance, and lack of political inclusivity. The study concludes that addressing these grievances through inclusive governance, equitable development, and regional cooperation is crucial. It recommends a proactive approach centered on dialogue, political reforms, and institutional strengthening to mitigate secessionist threats and foster long-term stability in West Africa.