THE WOLFISH TENDENCIES OF HUMAN NATURE: HOBBES'S LEVIATHAN AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR HUMAN RELATIONS

Abstract

This research explores the concept of "Homo Homini lupus: Man is a wolf to man" in Thomas Hobbes's philosophy, examining its implications for understanding human nature, society, and governance. By analyzing Hobbes's Leviathan, this study investigates the intersections between his views on human nature, melancholy, and animality. Hobbes's pessimistic account of human nature, marked by self-interest and the pursuit of power, is scrutinized in relation to its implications for human behavior in a state of nature. The social contract theory, which posits that individuals surrender certain rights to a sovereign authority in exchange for protection and security, is also examined. Additionally, criticisms of Hobbes's ideas, including concerns about the potential for abuse of power and the neglect of human capacities for cooperation, are assessed. By evaluating the ongoing relevance of Hobbes's ideas in modern society, this research provides insight into the complexities of human nature and the role of governance in maintaining social order. Ultimately, this study contributes to ongoing debates in political theory, ethics, and philosophy, highlighting the enduring significance of Hobbes's thought in understanding human society and governance.