Knowledge, Self-Reported Practices and Perceived Barriers in the Care of Older Adults Among Nurses at Specialist Hospital Yola, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Population ageing is increasing demand for nurses who can recognise common geriatric syndromes, provide person centred care and coordinate multidisciplinary support. Evidence on Nigerian nurses’ preparation for this role remains limited. Objective: To describe selected knowledge items, self-reported care practices and perceived barriers related to the care of older adults among nurses at Specialist Hospital Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 132 registered nurses selected by stratified random sampling across hospital departments. A structured questionnaire assessed sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge statements, frequency of selected practices and perceived barriers. Data were summarised with frequencies and percentages. Results: Most respondents were female (62.9%); 41.7% were aged 30-39 years. Although 67.4% agreed that older adults are at increased risk of multiple chronic diseases, 62.9% incorrectly regarded cognitive decline as a normal part of ageing. Only 19.7% reported always conducting a comprehensive assessment, 18.9% always documenting an individualised care plan and 14.4% always using geriatric-specific protocols when available. Commonly endorsed barriers were staff shortage (63.6%), high workload (59.8%), absence of geriatric-specific protocols (57.5%) and limited specialised training (50.7%). Conclusion: The findings identify specific knowledge misconceptions, inconsistent self-reported practices and organisational barriers. They support locally evaluated in-service education, standardised assessment pathways, geriatric-care protocols and workforce planning. The study does not establish objective clinical competence.