Barriers and Sociocultural Determinants of Routine Medical Check-up Utilisation in North-Eastern Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Routine medical check-ups (RMCs) are essential for preventive healthcare, yet uptake remains critically low in Nigeria. Understanding barriers and sociocultural determinants is vital for designing effective interventions. This study investigates these determinants to inform context-specific interventions. Methods: A mixed-methods cross-sectional study was conducted among 360 adults using stratified random sampling. Quantitative data were collected via structured questionnaires, while qualitative insights were obtained through focus group discussions (FGDs). Data were analysed using SPSS v28 and NVivo 12. Results: Major barriers included cost (45.8%), fear of diagnosis (30.2%), and long waiting times (24%). Cultural reliance on traditional healers (40%) and gender restrictions (35% of women requiring spousal consent) further limited uptake. Infrastructure gaps were evident, with 70% of PHCs lacking functional blood pressure monitors. Conclusion: Socioeconomic and cultural barriers significantly hinder RMC utilisation in Yola South. Addressing these requires subsidized services, gender-sensitive interventions, and strengthened PHC infrastructure.