LEGAL AND ETHICAL IMPLICATION OF GENE EDITING TECHNOLOGY: A HEALTH LAW PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

Gene editing technologies, such as CRISPR-Cas9, have revolutionized medical research, enabling precise interventions for genetic disorders and promising transformative healthcare solutions. However, their rapid advancement raises profound legal and ethical challenges within health law. This paper explores the legal and ethical implications of gene editing from a health law perspective, focusing on safety, equity, informed consent, and effective global governance. The research objectives are to critically evaluate existing legal frameworks, identify ethical dilemmas surrounding genetic interventions, and propose regulatory strategies to balance innovation with public safety and societal trust. Employing a doctrinal methodology, this study analyzes primary legal sources, including statutes, case law, and international bioethics guidelines, alongside ethical principles in health law and policy. The findings reveal significant regulatory gaps, particularly in ensuring robust informed consent processes, promoting equitable access to treatments, and addressing unintended ecological and societal consequences of gene editing applications. The paper concludes that comprehensive, globally harmonized regulatory frameworks are essential to navigate these challenges while fostering responsible scientific progress and public confidence. It recommends establishing interdisciplinary oversight bodies, enhancing public engagement through transparent, inclusive dialogue, enacting adaptive legal standards, and fostering international collaboration to ensure ethical gene editing practices that prioritize patient safety, societal welfare, equitable access to benefits, and long-term sustainability.