ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A REVIEW OF THE RELEVANT NIGERIAN LEGAL FRAMEWORK

Abstract

Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is a crucial tool for ensuring sustainable development by mitigating the adverse effects of projects on the environment. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the Nigerian legal framework governing EIA and its implications for sustainable development. Employing a doctrinal research methodology, the study examines key statutes such as the Constitution, the Environmental Impact Assessment Act, the Petroleum Industry Act, and the Minerals and Mining Regulation Act. Findings reveal significant challenges hindering the effective implementation of EIA in Nigeria, including inadequate enforcement mechanisms, insufficient public participation, and gaps in the existing legal framework. Recommendations are provided to enhance the effectiveness of the Nigerian legal framework for EIA, including strengthening enforcement mechanisms, enhancing public participation, and improving coordination among relevant government agencies and stakeholders.